A cartel, as defined by competition law, is an organized collaboration between a group of producers of goods or services representing a significant market share, with the aim of limiting competition and its benefits for consumers. These collusive practices are considered anti-competitive and are therefore prohibited by European competition law. One of the most widespread forms of cartelism is price fixing, where various producers agree to adopt a common pricing policy or maintain a minimum price. Sharing privileged information within a small group or coordinating actions to lock down the market are also types of cartels prohibited by law. In the event of a cartel, fines imposed by the competition authority can amount to tens or even hundreds of millions of euros, depending on the size of the market involved. For example, in December 2019, the four main issuers of meal vouchers in France were fined €415 million for having coordinated efforts to obstruct the digitization of vouchers in order to hinder the entry of new competitors. A landmark case of price-fixing in the fast-moving consumer goods sector resulted in fines of over €900 million. Another example of collusion is: