Peer-to-peer is a method of interconnecting two computers, allowing data exchange without one computer having priority over the other. This type of network uses the TCP/IP protocol and operates on the principle that each computer can act as both a client and a server. In the late 1990s, file sharing between individuals via peer-to-peer connections experienced a boom, thanks to improved internet connection speeds that made it possible to transfer large files. However, this practice quickly raised legal issues related to copyright infringement, particularly with the emergence of websites specializing in sharing music, literature, and films. A famous example of this new mode of exchange and the legal problems that arose from it is Napster, an American website created by Shawn Fanning and John Fanning, dedicated to sharing audio files in MP3 format. Although the expression “peer à pair” exists in French, it is not commonly used.