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The concept of mass customization refers to the practice adopted by a company to offer a standardized product tailored to the needs and preferences of each customer. To implement mass customization, an efficient production system linked to an ordering process is necessary, allowing the buyer to specify the desired characteristics and measurements. For mass customization to be effective, it must be carried out at a reasonable cost compared to that of the standard product. Concrete examples of mass customization include made-to-measure jeans, personalized shoes, and beauty products sold online. In contrast, personalizing products such as candy with text chosen by the customer or items adorned with a photo or drawing falls more under the category of simple personalization than true mass customization. Nevertheless, the term “mass customization” is frequently used to describe these practices as well.

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