Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, developed by Abraham Maslow, classifies human needs into five levels, presented as a pyramid. These needs must be met sequentially, starting with the most basic: physiological needs, encompassing food, water, sleep, and air; followed by safety needs, which include physical protection, financial stability, and protection from threats; then social needs, which concern belonging and interpersonal relationships, such as friendship, family, and social interaction; esteem needs, which encompass self-respect, social recognition, self-confidence, and respect from others; and finally, self-actualization needs, which represent the fulfillment of personal potential, individual growth, and the pursuit of meaning and fulfillment in life. According to Maslow’s theory, it is imperative for individuals to meet the needs at the lower levels before they can aspire to meet the needs at the higher levels.