Compulsive buying is characterized by excessive and repetitive purchases that lead to financial and relational difficulties for the individual. Considered a form of behavioral addiction, it manifests as the acquisition of goods without any real prior need or desire. This behavior, described as “shopaholic” in reference to other addictions such as alcoholism, is motivated by the pursuit of a feeling of euphoria rather than by an intention to consume the purchased products.

The negative consequences of compulsive buying on a person’s social, professional, and psychological life make it a major problem. This impulsive behavior, often linked to a deterioration in the individual’s psychological state, results in debt, social disruption, and impaired mental well-being.

The origin of the term dates back to 19th-century Germany, where it was initially referred to as “oniomania” by Kraepelin. The latter likened this pathology to other forms of compulsive behavior such as pyromania and kleptomania. The concept of oniomania, associating the idea of ​​selling with a form of madness, was later brought to light by Bleuler and Porot, who emphasized the detrimental effects of this addiction on individuals’ lives.

The characteristics of a compulsive buyer manifest themselves through a propensity to live beyond their means, to accumulate debt, and to buy without real need, seeking only personal gratification. This behavior often provokes a feeling of guilt related to the reactions of those around them and results in the accumulation of unused objects.

The causes of compulsive buying often lie in poor emotional regulation and fragile self-esteem. This disorder can also be influenced by family patterns.